Johannesburg, South Africa, is the place to go to mix big-city culture, shopping, dining and nightlife with outdoor adventures, up-close wildlife encounters and visits to historical sites. In and around the city are museums covering art, history, science and apartheid. Nearby are caves, animal and nature reserves, the traditional villages of local cultures, working gold and diamond mines and the Cradle of Humankind, where the remains of an early human, Australopithecus, were discovered.