Most people will find it essential to take out a good travel insurance policy, particularly one with comprehensive medical coverage, due to the high cost of hospital treatment in Japan. A typical travel insurance policy should also provide cover for the loss of baggage, tickets and - up to a certain limit - cash or cheques, as well as cancellation or curtailment of your journey. Most policies exclude so-called dangerous sports unless an extra premium is paid: in Japan this can mean scuba-diving, whitewater rafting and bungee jumping, though probably not skiing and mountaineering. Read the small print and benefits tables of prospective policies carefully, as coverage can vary wildly for roughly similar premiums.

With many policies you can exclude coverage you don't need, but for Japan you should definitely take medical coverage that includes both hospital treatment and medical evacuation; be sure to ask for the 24-hour medical emergency number. Keep all medical bills and, if possible, contact the insurance company before making any major outlay. Very few insurers will arrange on-the-spot payments in the event of a major expense - you'll usually be reimbursed only after going home.

When securing baggage cover , make sure that the per-article limit - typically under £500 equivalent - will cover your most valuable possession. If you have anything stolen, get a copy of the police report ; otherwise you won't be able to claim. Always make a note of the policy details and leave them with someone at home in case you lose the original.

Before buying a policy, check that you're not already covered. Your home insurance policy may cover your possessions against loss or theft even when overseas, or you can extend cover through your household contents insurer. Many bank and charge accounts include some form of travel cover, and insurance is also sometimes included if you pay for your trip with a credit card (though it usually only provides medical or accident cover).

In North America , Canadian provincial health plans usually provide some overseas medical coverage, although they are unlikely to pick up the full tab in the event of a mishap. Holders of official student/teacher/youth cards are entitled to meagre accident coverage and hospital in-patient benefits. Students will often find that their student health coverage extends during the vacations and for one term beyond the date of last enrolment.